The Large Square, Sibiu: A Historic Transylvanian Hub
Immerse yourself in The Large Square, an imposing plaza encircled by the vibrant facades of medieval and baroque-era buildings that define Sibiu's heart. Known as Piața Mare in Romanian and Großer Ring in German, this UNESCO architectural monument serves as the historic and cultural nucleus of the city.
A Centuries-Old History
The Large Square has been a central feature of Sibiu since 1366, its creation marking the completion of the city's third fortification belt. It was first officially mentioned in a document from 1408 and noted as a cereal market by 1411. From the 16th century onward, it solidified its role as the core of the old city, witnessing centuries of public life.
Throughout the Middle Ages, the square was the stage for major civic events, including public gatherings, markets, and even executions, such as that of Johann von Sachs Harteneck in 1703. Its past includes a pole of infamy erected in 1550 and a statue of Roland. A particularly unusual feature was the 'lunatic cage' (Narrenhausel), which stood here from 1724 to 1757 and was used to publicly exhibit individuals who disturbed the peace. The square underwent a complete renovation in 2005, restoring its historic grandeur.
Architectural Landmarks
Measuring 142 meters long by 93 meters wide, The Large Square is framed by significant historical buildings. These include the 15th-century Tailors' Guild building, the Baroque-style Jesuit Church (1726-1733), and the early 20th-century Land Credit Bank building. The City Hall, dating to 1906, is also located here.
One of the most prominent structures is the Brukenthal Palace, built between 1778 and 1788 by Samuel von Brukenthal, the Habsburg governor of Transylvania. This magnificent Baroque palace now houses the Brukenthal National Museum, one of Romania's most important art museums. A distinctive feature of the surrounding architecture is the famous 'eyes of the city'—semi-circular attic windows designed for ventilation.
The Square Today
Today, Piața Mare is the vibrant heart of Sibiu, a popular meeting point for locals and tourists. The square is lined with outdoor cafes, restaurants, and shops, creating a lively atmosphere, especially during the summer months. It remains a central hub for culture, hosting major annual events like the Sibiu Christmas Market, October Fest, and the ARTmania Festival. A Tourist Information Center is conveniently located within the City Hall building on the square.
FAQ
When was The Large Square in Sibiu built?
The Large Square has existed since 1366, coinciding with the completion of Sibiu's third fortification belt. It was first documented as a cereal market in 1411.
What are the 'eyes of Sibiu' on the buildings around the square?
The 'eyes of Sibiu' are distinctive semi-circular windows on the rooftops. They are not merely decorative but are functional attic ventilation openings designed to cool the attics and prevent moisture damage to stored goods like grain.
What is the Brukenthal Palace?
The Brukenthal Palace is a significant Baroque building on the square, constructed between 1778 and 1788 by Samuel von Brukenthal, the governor of Transylvania. Today, it houses the Brukenthal National Museum, one of Romania's oldest art museums.
Is The Large Square still used for events?
Yes, The Large Square is the central hub for cultural events in Sibiu. It hosts numerous festivities throughout the year, including the popular Sibiu Christmas Market, October Fest, and the ARTmania Festival.
